Where the hardness comes from
Fullerton's tap water is supplied by the city's own water utility and is a blend of local groundwater and imported water. Both carry dissolved minerals, mostly calcium and magnesium, and the result is hard water. It is safe to drink; the issue is what the minerals do when water evaporates or heats up.
In a shower, scale forms on the face of the shower head, inside the spout, around the trim and, most importantly, on the cartridge and inside the valve body where you can't see it.
What scale does to each part
| Part | What you notice | What usually helps |
|---|---|---|
| Shower head | Uneven spray, blocked nozzles, weaker flow | Soak or rub nozzles clean; replace if badly clogged |
| Cartridge | Stiff or gritty handle, drip, poor temperature range | Clean or replace the cartridge |
| Diverter | Won't fully switch to the shower | Clean or replace the diverter or spout |
| Tub spout | Crusted opening, splashing | Clean the opening; replace the spout if needed |
| Glass and tile | White film, spotting | Squeegee after use and regular cleaning |
Cleaning a scaled shower head
- Check the finish.Some finishes don't tolerate acids. Look up the manufacturer's care guidance if you can.
- Soak it.Unscrew the head or tie a bag of white vinegar around it so the face is submerged, and leave it for a while.
- Clear the nozzles.Rub flexible rubber nozzles with your thumb, or clear them with a soft brush.
- Rinse and run.Rinse, reinstall and run hot water for a minute to flush loosened scale.
Live with it or treat the water
Maintenance only
- Clean heads and trim on a schedule
- Expect cartridges and seals to need attention sooner
- No equipment to install or maintain
Whole-house treatment
- A softener or conditioner reduces scale throughout the house
- Needs space, plumbing changes and ongoing upkeep
- Ask the city about any rules on softener discharge before installing
Quick facts
- Water supplier
- City of Fullerton water utility
- Source
- Local groundwater blended with imported water
- Hardness
- Hard; expect visible scale
- Most affected shower part
- Cartridge and valve body
Common questions
Is hard water a health problem?
Hardness minerals aren't considered a health concern. The city publishes an annual water quality report if you want details for your address.
Will a filter on the shower head stop scale?
Most shower-head filters are aimed at chlorine and don't remove much hardness. Check what a product removes before you buy it.
Why did my new cartridge get stiff again?
Scale returns over time. Cleaning the valve body when replacing the cartridge, and using the shower regularly, helps it last.
General information for Fullerton, not a quote or professional advice. In an emergency, call 911.